This page is for Ashley P., Nick S., Nick D., and Chloe.
10.2 The Flowering of Islamic Civilization:
- arabs conquested a vast empire
- muslim dynasties were all over
- rulers built great cities for scholars and artists
- baghdad grew from a small village into one of the worlds largest cities
- cairo’s university was the most advanced in the muslim world - ideas spread along the trade routes-sjnicks1 10.3 City Building and Architecture:
The city of Baghdad
- baghdad was located between the Tigris and Euphrates river
- people called it “the round city” - outside of the inner wall were shops and palaces
the mosque
- mosques had small towers or minarets that a muezzin would chant prayer calls from
- worshipers sat on mats on the floor facing makkah
- they had lots of artistic beauty
-sjnicks1 10.4 Scholarship and Learning:
The Arabic language spread through muslim lands and allowed people in Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa to share ideas.
Muslim leaders built colleges, schools, libraries and other learning centers.
One very important learning center was the house of wisdom built by Caliph Ma'mun in Baghdad 830.
people came to the house of worship to translate texts or do some research.
Other cities had halls of wisdom too.
some cities that contained important learning centers were Cairo and Cordoba, Spain.
-Nick D.10.5 Science and Technology:
there are many ways the Arabs have helped in scientific way.
one subject they studied was zoology or the study of animals.
In the 800s a scholar named al-Jahiz introduced to the world the theory if evolution in animals.
Another subject they studied was astronomy or the study of the stars.
The muslims created some tools to make astronomy easier(compasses and astrolabes).
the final thing they studied was irrigation and underground wells.
They were able to take what they had and made it into what they needed.
muslims land was very hot and dry. they built dams and aqueducts and other things that allowed them to live off the little they had.
-Nick D. 10.6: Geography and Navigation:
geographers
examined plants
examined animals
different regions
divided world into climate zones
some studied out of curiosity
most educated Muslims knew the earth was round
One person calculated the Earth's circumference for the 1st time
he came within 9 miles
some Muslims made extremely accurate maps
one person made an atlas with dozens of maps from:
Europe
Asia
Africa
travelers wrote guide books
help pilgrims
explored + described foreign lands
they also used compasses
learned from Chinese
used to be sure to be facing Mecca was while praying + traveling
ash
10.7 Mathematics:
Muslims based their mathematical studies on ideas from India & Greece
One scholar named al-Khwarizmi is the "father of algebra"
Translation of his books= popularize Arabic numerals
We use Arabic numerals today
Muslims spread the Indian concept of zero (0)
-Chloe
10.8 Medicine:
made 1st hospital
served as training centers
hospital caravans
government paid for all expenses
separate wards
men and women
surgical patients
diseases people
treatments
drugs
diet
exercise
remedies
herbs
plants
animals
minerals
medicines
100+
antiseptics
ointments
pain
surgery = last resource
put to sleep during
amputated
cut out tumors
removed cataracts
stitched up with animal gut
discoveries
al-Ravi = persian doctor
infections = caused by bacteria
treatments
smallpox
measles
Ibn Sina "prince of the physicians"
The Canon of Medicine = book
explored treatment of diseases
later translated by Europeans with many others
Ash10.9 Bookmaking and Literature:
- bookmaking encouraged muslim literature
- leather bindings were illuminated
- over 100 bookshops lined up the streets
-arabs enjoyed poetry
- poetry was about praise of rulers or wit
- writers composed stories - muslim literature was enhanced by Sufism (or god experiences)-sjnicks110.10 Art and Music
Geometric and Floral Design
Part of Islam= no animals/people in artwork
Artists used geometric & floral (arabesque) designs
Religious art/ everyday items had these designs
Calligraphy
Muslims believed calligraphy= highest form of decorative art
Used in Qu'ran
Used to decorate everyday items
Textiles
Manufactured cloths
Used as trade goods
Practical items
Showed rank/ served as status symbols
Caliph wore textile robes
Textiles were used as awnings/ carpets in palace
Music in Muslim Spain
Music centers in Islamic world= Baghdad/Damascus
In Cordoba, Arab/ Spanish music developed
Famous musician established a conservatory that musicians from all over Europe attended
Singing= essential to Muslim Spain's culture
Although this style is lost today, it influenced later musical forms
-Chloe
10.11 Recreation:
Polo
Horsemen strike balls into goals with mallets
Popular among wealthy Muslims
Abbasid rulers raised horses to play polo
Muslims adapted/refined game
Now played all over the world
Chess
Invented in India, introduced to Muslims by the Persians in 600's
10.2 The Flowering of Islamic Civilization:
- arabs conquested a vast empire
- muslim dynasties were all over
- rulers built great cities for scholars and artists
- baghdad grew from a small village into one of the worlds largest cities
- cairo’s university was the most advanced in the muslim world
- ideas spread along the trade routes-sjnicks1
10.3 City Building and Architecture:
The city of Baghdad
- baghdad was located between the Tigris and Euphrates river
- people called it “the round city”
- outside of the inner wall were shops and palaces
the mosque
- mosques had small towers or minarets that a muezzin would chant prayer calls from
- worshipers sat on mats on the floor facing makkah
- they had lots of artistic beauty
-sjnicks1
10.4 Scholarship and Learning:
-Nick D.10.5 Science and Technology:
- there are many ways the Arabs have helped in scientific way.
- one subject they studied was zoology or the study of animals.
- In the 800s a scholar named al-Jahiz introduced to the world the theory if evolution in animals.
- Another subject they studied was astronomy or the study of the stars.
- The muslims created some tools to make astronomy easier(compasses and astrolabes).
- the final thing they studied was irrigation and underground wells.
- They were able to take what they had and made it into what they needed.
- muslims land was very hot and dry. they built dams and aqueducts and other things that allowed them to live off the little they had.
-Nick D.10.6: Geography and Navigation:
- geographers
- examined plants
- examined animals
- different regions
- divided world into climate zones
- some studied out of curiosity
- most educated Muslims knew the earth was round
- One person calculated the Earth's circumference for the 1st time
- he came within 9 miles
- some Muslims made extremely accurate maps
- one person made an atlas with dozens of maps from:
- Europe
- Asia
- Africa
- travelers wrote guide books
- help pilgrims
- explored + described foreign lands
- they also used compasses
- learned from Chinese
- used to be sure to be facing Mecca was while praying + traveling
ash10.7 Mathematics:
- Muslims based their mathematical studies on ideas from India & Greece
- One scholar named al-Khwarizmi is the "father of algebra"
- Translation of his books= popularize Arabic numerals
- We use Arabic numerals today
- Muslims spread the Indian concept of zero (0)
-Chloe10.8 Medicine:
- made 1st hospital
- served as training centers
- hospital caravans
- government paid for all expenses
- separate wards
- men and women
- surgical patients
- diseases people
- treatments
- drugs
- diet
- exercise
- remedies
- herbs
- plants
- animals
- minerals
- medicines
- 100+
- antiseptics
- ointments
- pain
- surgery = last resource
- put to sleep during
- amputated
- cut out tumors
- removed cataracts
- stitched up with animal gut
- discoveries
- al-Ravi = persian doctor
- infections = caused by bacteria
- treatments
- smallpox
- measles
- Ibn Sina "prince of the physicians"
- The Canon of Medicine = book
- explored treatment of diseases
- later translated by Europeans with many others
Ash10.9 Bookmaking and Literature:- bookmaking encouraged muslim literature
- leather bindings were illuminated
- over 100 bookshops lined up the streets
-arabs enjoyed poetry
- poetry was about praise of rulers or wit
- writers composed stories
- muslim literature was enhanced by Sufism (or god experiences)-sjnicks110.10 Art and Music
-Chloe
10.11 Recreation:
-Chloe